Historical Plant Hardiness Zones
Time Period: 1986 to 2005 Why is this time period used?This historical period represents the current or recent climate, spanning enough time to capture variations that impact productivity, such as severe droughts and cool seasons.More info.: About historical data
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a Zone 1a: -60°F to -55°F
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b Zone 1b: -55°F to -50°F
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a Zone 2a: -50°F to -45°F
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b Zone 2b: -45°F to -40°F
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a Zone 3a: -40°F to -35°F
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b Zone 3b: -35°F to -30°F
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a Zone 4a: -30°F to -25°F
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b Zone 4b: -25°F to -20°F
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a Zone 5a: -20°F to -15°F
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b Zone 5b: -15°F to -10°F
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a Zone 6a: -10°F to -5°F
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b Zone 6b: -5°F to 0°F
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a Zone 7a: 0°F to 5°F
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b Zone 7b: 5°F to 10°F
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a Zone 8a: 10°F to 15°F
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b Zone 8b: 15°F to 20°F
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a Zone 9a: 20°F to 25°F
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b Zone 9b: 25°F to 30°F
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a Zone 10a: 30°F to 35°F
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b Zone 10b: 35°F to 40°F
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a Zone 11a: 40°F to 45°F
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b Zone 11b: 45°F to 50°F
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a Zone 12a: 50°F to 55°F
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b Zone 12b: 55°F to 60°F
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a Zone 13a: 60°F to 65°F
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b Zone 13b: 65°F to 70°F
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Projected Future Plant Hardiness Zones
Time Period: 2020 to 2039 (compared with 1950 to 2005) What is this comparison period?Future changes are determined by comparing model projections for each 20-year forecast period against climate model baseline data, which simulates conditions over this period in the past.More info.: About the model baseline
Future Emissions: Reduced Levels (Moderate) What is this emissions scenario?Under reduced/moderate emission levels, the total radiative forcing, or change in energy in the atmosphere due to GHG emissions, stabilizes by mid-century. This corresponds to the IPCC's RCP 4.5.More info.: About emissions scenarios Current Levels (High) What is this emissions scenario?Under current/high emission levels, greenhouse gas emissions steadily increase through the year 2099. This corresponds to the IPCC's RCP 8.5.More info.: About emissions scenarios
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a Zone 1a: -60°F to -55°F
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b Zone 1b: -55°F to -50°F
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a Zone 2a: -50°F to -45°F
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b Zone 2b: -45°F to -40°F
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a Zone 3a: -40°F to -35°F
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b Zone 3b: -35°F to -30°F
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a Zone 4a: -30°F to -25°F
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b Zone 4b: -25°F to -20°F
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a Zone 5a: -20°F to -15°F
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b Zone 5b: -15°F to -10°F
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a Zone 6a: -10°F to -5°F
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b Zone 6b: -5°F to 0°F
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a Zone 7a: 0°F to 5°F
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b Zone 7b: 5°F to 10°F
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a Zone 8a: 10°F to 15°F
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b Zone 8b: 15°F to 20°F
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a Zone 9a: 20°F to 25°F
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b Zone 9b: 25°F to 30°F
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a Zone 10a: 30°F to 35°F
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b Zone 10b: 35°F to 40°F
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a Zone 11a: 40°F to 45°F
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b Zone 11b: 45°F to 50°F
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a Zone 12a: 50°F to 55°F
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b Zone 12b: 55°F to 60°F
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a Zone 13a: 60°F to 65°F
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b Zone 13b: 65°F to 70°F
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Historical Average
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Historical Average
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Historical Average
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Spread of likely outcomes under
reduced/moderate emissions
Spread of likely outcomes under
current/high emissions
